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Amantadine-resistant influenza A (H3N2) viruses in Iran

J Yavarian1, T Mokhtari Azad, N Z Shafiei Jandaghi

  • 1School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. nilj57156@yahoo.com

Acta Virologica
|June 23, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Adamantanes are no longer effective for Influenza A virus (H3N2) due to widespread resistance. A specific mutation (Ser31Asn) in the M2 protein causes this resistance, limiting the use of these antiviral drugs.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Adamantanes have been widely used for Influenza A virus (IAV) prophylaxis and treatment.
  • Increasing viral resistance has limited the effectiveness of adamantanes in recent years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency of amantadine-resistant IAVs (H3N2) in Iran between 2005 and 2008.
  • To identify the genetic basis of amantadine resistance in circulating IAV strains.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of M2 gene sequences from Influenza A virus (H3N2) isolates.
  • Monitoring of amantadine resistance in viral strains collected over a three-year period.

Main Results:

  • Amantadine-resistant Influenza A virus (H3N2) strains were found circulating in Iran from 2005-2008.
  • A specific mutation, Serine to Asparagine at position 31 (Ser31Asn), was identified in the M2 protein of resistant viruses.

Conclusions:

  • Adamantanes are not recommended for the treatment or prophylaxis of recent Influenza A virus (H3N2) infections due to prevalent resistance.
  • Future use of adamantanes will be contingent on the resistance patterns of circulating viral strains.

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