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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
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Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer
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Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer

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The immune system and cancer.

David Loose1, Christophe Van de Wiele

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.

Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
|June 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Cancer cells evade the immune system by producing immunosuppressive factors and developing resistance. This hinders the ability of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and natural killer cells to eliminate tumors effectively.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Adaptive immune responses are mounted by cancer patients against tumors.
  • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and natural killer (NK) cells attempt to eliminate malignant cells.
  • Malignant cells develop mechanisms to evade immune detection and destruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted mechanisms by which cancer cells evade host immunosurveillance.
  • To understand how tumor cells subvert anti-tumor immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immunosuppressive factors produced by malignant cells (cytokines, prostaglandins).
  • Evaluation of mechanisms of immune resistance, including antigen processing and presentation.
  • Investigation of T-cell elimination strategies employed by tumor cells (activation-induced cell death, Fas ligand expression).

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Main Results:

  • Malignant cells secrete immunosuppressive cytokines and prostaglandins, promoting a Th2-biased immune response with reduced anti-tumor capacity.
  • Selection of tumor variants with altered Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I and II expression and impaired antigen processing reduces tumor antigenicity.
  • Tumor cells actively induce T-cell death via activation-induced cell death or Fas ligand-mediated counterattack.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer cells employ a combination of immunosuppression, immune resistance, and active T-cell elimination to evade immunosurveillance.
  • Understanding these evasion mechanisms is crucial for developing effective cancer immunotherapies.