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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

Cognitive function in early Parkinson's disease: a population-based study.

E Elgh1, M Domellöf, J Linder

  • 1Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. eva.elgh@germed.umu.se

European Journal of Neurology
|June 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive dysfunction is common in early Parkinson's disease (PD), impacting attention, memory, and executive functions. Higher education levels may protect against severe cognitive decline in PD patients.

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Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data
14:27

Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

Published on: June 26, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor function.
  • Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized in early PD stages.
  • Understanding cognitive patterns in early PD is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency, pattern, and predictors of cognitive function in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.
  • To compare cognitive function between PD patients with and without cognitive impairment.
  • To compare cognitive function in PD patients against age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal, population-based study included 88 newly diagnosed PD patients without dementia.
  • A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was administered to patients and 30 healthy controls.
  • Data analysis compared patient performance to controls and normative data.

Main Results:

  • PD patients performed significantly worse than healthy controls across most cognitive domains, including attention, psychomotor function, episodic memory, executive function, and fluency.
  • 30% of PD patients exhibited deficits in at least one cognitive domain.
  • Higher Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III scores (speech, facial expression, rigidity, bradykinesia) and shorter disease duration were associated with cognitive impairment. Education level predicted severe cognitive dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive dysfunction is prevalent in early, untreated Parkinson's disease, affecting key domains like attention, memory, and executive functions.
  • Education level emerged as an independent predictor of severe cognitive impairment in PD.
  • These findings highlight the importance of early cognitive assessment and support strategies in Parkinson's disease management.