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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Barrier Functional Integrity Recording on bEnd.3 Vascular Endothelial Cells via Transendothelial Electrical Resistance Detection
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High-resolution analysis of barrier function.

Michael Fromm1, Susanne M Krug, Sebastian Zeissig

  • 1Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Berlin, Germany. michael.fromm@charite.de

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 23, 2009
PubMed
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High-resolution techniques offer deeper insights into epithelial barrier function than traditional methods. These advanced approaches reveal detailed insights into cellular pathways and transport processes, aiding in disease research.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Conventional transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements provide limited information on epithelial barrier complexity.
  • Understanding epithelial barrier function is crucial for diagnosing and treating various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and describe three high-resolution techniques for analyzing epithelial barrier function.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these techniques in specific research applications.

Main Methods:

  • One-path and two-path impedance spectroscopy for vertical pathway discrimination (epithelial cell layer, subepithelial tissues, transcellular, and paracellular resistance).
  • Conductance scanning technique for horizontal pathway discrimination at various spatial resolutions.

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  • Three-dimensional confocal fluorescence imaging for visualizing transepithelial transport processes.

    • Main Results:

    • One-path impedance spectroscopy successfully analyzed human sigmoid colon biopsies from Crohn's disease patients.
    • Conductance scanning revealed that occludin is not essential for epithelial barrier function, challenging prior beliefs.
    • Confocal imaging identified transepithelial bacterial translocation causing focal leaks.

    Conclusions:

    • High-resolution techniques significantly enhance the analysis of epithelial barrier function beyond conventional TER.
    • These methods provide novel insights into disease mechanisms and barrier component roles.
    • The discovered bacterial translocation highlights a new mechanism for focal barrier disruption.