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Rainbow trout interleukin-2: cloning, expression and bioactivity analysis.

P Díaz-Rosales1, S Bird, T H Wang

  • 1Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Building, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK.

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
|June 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin-2 (IL-2) was cloned and analyzed. This study details its expression, bioactivity, and potential as an adjuvant for fish vaccines.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Fish Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a critical cytokine in immune responses.
  • Understanding fish IL-2 is essential for advancing aquaculture immunology.
  • Limited information exists on fish IL-2 homologues and functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clone and characterize rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) IL-2 cDNA.
  • To analyze the expression and bioactivity of trout IL-2 in head kidney leucocytes.
  • To investigate the potential of trout IL-2 as an adjuvant in fish vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning of rainbow trout IL-2 cDNA.
  • Analysis of protein homology with other species' IL-2.
  • Induction of IL-2 expression via PHA, mixed leucocyte reaction, and bacterial infection.

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  • Assessment of recombinant IL-2's effect on transcription factors (STAT5, Blimp-1) and cytokine expression (IFN-gamma, gIP).

    • Main Results:

    • The trout IL-2 precursor encoded a 142 amino acid protein with a signal peptide.
    • Trout IL-2 showed moderate homology to Fugu IL-2 and lower homology to avian and mammalian IL-2s.
    • IL-2 expression was induced by mitogens, mixed leucocyte reaction, and in vivo bacterial infection.
    • Recombinant trout IL-2 upregulated STAT5, Blimp-1, IFN-gamma, gIP, and IL-2 expression.

    Conclusions:

    • Rainbow trout IL-2 is functionally conserved and responsive to immune stimuli.
    • Trout IL-2 signaling pathways share similarities with mammals.
    • Trout IL-2 shows promise as a potential adjuvant for fish vaccines, enhancing immune responses.