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Short term prospective study of cognitive functioning in lead workers.

B T Stollery1, D E Broadbent, H A Banks

  • 1Age and Cognitive Performance Research Centre, University of Manchester.

British Journal of Industrial Medicine
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
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High blood lead levels in male workers significantly impair cognitive function, primarily causing slower reaction times and memory deficits for incidental information. These effects persisted despite stable lead exposure over eight months.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Neurotoxicology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Lead exposure is a significant occupational hazard affecting male workers.
  • Cognitive function can be impacted by lead absorption, but the specific deficits require further elucidation.
  • Understanding the relationship between lead levels and cognitive performance is crucial for workplace safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying blood lead concentrations on cognitive performance in male lead workers.
  • To identify specific cognitive deficits associated with lead exposure.
  • To determine if practice or continued exposure alters cognitive performance in lead-exposed workers.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 70 male lead workers over eight months.

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  • Cognitive tasks were administered, alongside measurements of blood lead, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), and urinary aminolaevulinic acid (ALA).
  • Participants were categorized into low, medium, and high blood lead groups based on average concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Performance deficits were primarily observed in the high blood lead group (41-80 micrograms/dl).
    • The main deficit was slowed sensory motor reaction time, especially in cognitively simple tasks.
    • High lead levels correlated with impaired decision-making, response execution, and memory for incidental information, which worsened over time.

    Conclusions:

    • The primary psychological effects of lead impairment include sensory motor slowing and difficulties in recalling incidental information.
    • Cognitive demands of tasks can attenuate the observed exposure-performance correlations.
    • Lead exposure poses a significant risk to cognitive function in occupational settings.