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Related Concept Videos

Rapidly Varying Flow01:24

Rapidly Varying Flow

Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
Uniform Depth Channel Flow01:27

Uniform Depth Channel Flow

Uniform depth channel flow keeps fluid depth consistent along channels such as irrigation canals. In natural channels, such as rivers, approximate uniform flow is often assumed. This condition occurs when the channel’s bottom slope matches the energy slope, balancing potential energy lost from gravity with head loss due to shear stress. This balance prevents depth changes along the channel length, resulting in a steady, uniform flow.Uniform flow in open channels with a constant cross-section...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving01:18

Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving

To calculate the flow rate for a trapezoidal channel, first, identify the bottom width, side slope, and flow depth of the channel. The cross-sectional area (A) corresponding to the depth of flow (y), channel bottom width (B), and side slope (θ) is determined by:Next, calculate the wetted perimeter, which includes the bottom width and the sloped side lengths in contact with the water. Using the values of the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter, determine the hydraulic radius by...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...

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Related Experiment Video

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Spatial Temporal Analysis of Fieldwise Flow in Microvasculature
09:39

Spatial Temporal Analysis of Fieldwise Flow in Microvasculature

Published on: November 18, 2019

Spatially extended FCS for visualizing and quantifying high-speed multiphase flows in microchannels.

Sara M Hashmi1, Michael Loewenberg, Eric R Dufresne

  • 1Departments of Chemical Engineering, Yale University New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

Optics Express
|June 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new method using spatially extended fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to visualize and quantify multiphase flows in microchannels, enabling detailed analysis of particle dynamics.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Spatial Temporal Analysis of Fieldwise Flow in Microvasculature
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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
12:26

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

Published on: August 27, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Multiphase flows in microchannels are crucial in various scientific and industrial applications.
  • Accurate visualization and quantification of these flows are essential for understanding their behavior.
  • Existing methods may have limitations in resolving dynamics at short time scales or across the channel width.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel spatially extended fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (SE-FCS) technique.
  • To enable high-speed, in-situ visualization and quantification of multiphase flows within microchannels.
  • To resolve the dynamics and velocity profiles of sub-micron particles in microfluidic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized spatially extended fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (SE-FCS) with simultaneous detection across the microchannel width.
  • Employed a high-speed camera capturing frames up to 100 KHz for rapid data acquisition.
  • Leveraged the flow to scan the sample past a fixed illumination, enabling dynamic analysis.
  • Applied kymographs for flow visualization and cross-correlations for velocity profile quantification.

Main Results:

  • Successfully visualized multiphase flows in microchannels with high temporal resolution.
  • Quantified depth-resolved velocity profiles of sub-micron particle suspensions.
  • Demonstrated the ability to resolve particle motion at velocities up to 1 cm/s.
  • Measured flow velocities up to 1.5 mm/s for silica particle suspensions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SE-FCS technique provides a powerful tool for analyzing microfluidic multiphase flows.
  • This method allows for detailed investigation of flow dynamics and particle behavior at short time scales.
  • The technique is effective for quantifying velocity profiles and visualizing complex flow patterns in microchannels.