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Tunable dispersion-tolerant picosecond flat-top waveform generation using an optical differentiator.

R Slavik, Y Park, J Azaña

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    We developed a simple method to fix distortions in picosecond flat-top pulses caused by fiber dispersion. By tuning the long period fiber grating (LPG) coupling strength, we significantly improved pulse quality after propagation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Fiber Optics
    • Pulse Shaping

    Background:

    • Picosecond flat-top pulses are crucial for various optical applications.
    • Dispersive propagation in optical fibers can distort these pulses, limiting their use.
    • Existing compensation methods can be complex or inflexible.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of dispersion on picosecond flat-top pulses generated by LPG-based differentiators.
    • To propose and demonstrate a simple, tunable scheme for compensating dispersion-induced pulse distortion.
    • To enhance the dispersion tolerance of flat-top pulses for practical applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of picosecond flat-top pulses using long period fiber gratings (LPGs).
    • Investigating pulse distortion under dispersive propagation.
    • Implementing a dispersion compensation scheme by tuning LPG coupling strength via axial straining.
    • Experimental validation using standard telecom fiber (SMF-28).

    Main Results:

    • A 9-fold improvement in dispersion tolerance for 1.8-ps flat-top pulses was achieved.
    • The dispersion tolerance increased from approximately 2 meters to 18 meters of SMF-28 fiber.
    • The proposed scheme allows for easy and straightforward compensation of dispersion effects.
    • Fine adjustment of pulse shape is possible even after propagation through dispersive media.

    Conclusions:

    • The tunable LPG-based scheme effectively compensates for dispersion-induced distortion in picosecond flat-top pulses.
    • This method offers a simple and practical solution for enhancing the robustness of optical pulses in dispersive environments.
    • The technique significantly extends the usable length of dispersive fiber for high-quality pulse transmission.