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High-fidelity line-by-line optical waveform generation and complete characterization using FROG.

R P Scott, N K Fontaine, Jing Cao

    Optics Express
    |June 24, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers shaped optical frequency combs using an integrated silica arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) to create high-fidelity optical waveforms. A new method quantifies waveform quality by assessing both amplitude and phase matching.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Waveform Generation and Characterization

    Background:

    • Optical frequency combs (OFCs) are crucial light sources for precision measurements and spectroscopy.
    • Generating precisely shaped optical waveforms with high fidelity is essential for advanced optical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To shape a stable 20-GHz optical frequency comb into high-fidelity optical waveforms using integrated photonics.
    • To fully characterize the generated optical fields' intensity and phase.
    • To develop a single-number metric for quantifying waveform quality.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a compact integrated silica arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) pair to shape the OFC.
    • Employing cross-correlation frequency resolved optical gating (XFROG), optimized for periodic waveforms, for complete optical field characterization.

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  • Proposing a novel quantification method for waveform fidelity.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved unprecedented fidelity in generated optical waveforms from a 20-GHz OFC.
    • Successfully performed complete intensity and phase characterization of the shaped optical fields.
    • Introduced a robust single-number metric for assessing waveform quality.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrated AWG technology enables precise shaping of optical frequency combs.
    • Optimized XFROG provides comprehensive characterization of complex optical waveforms.
    • The proposed metric offers a straightforward way to evaluate waveform generation performance.