Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Published on: October 20, 2017
Angioarchitecture and clinical presentation of brain arteriovenous malformations
Marcio Luiz Tostes dos Santos1, Zeferino Demartini Júnior, Luiz Afonso Dias Matos
1Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. neurocirurgiaendovascular@yahoo.com.br
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to correlate the angioarchitecture of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) with their clinical presentation. A total of 170 patients with AVM 78 males and 92 females, were studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted in order to test the associations between morphological features and clinical presentation. The most frequent clinical presentations at diagnosis were hemorrhage in 89 (52%) patients, headache in 79 (46%), focal neurological deficit in 54 (32%), and seizure in 52 (31%). According to the Spetzler-Martin classification, grade I was found in 15 patients, II in 49, III in 55, IV in 41, and grade V in 10 patients. AVM with small nidus size, single feeding artery and single draining vein were associated with hemorrhage. Hemorrhage was positively associated with Spetzler-Martin grade I and negatively with grade V. The association between seizure and large nidus size was positive, however negative with small nidus size.
Related Concept Videos
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Arteries of the Head and Neck
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
The Arch of Aorta
Encircling the heart, the coronary arteries form a ring-like structure before...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

