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Association between nutritional status measurements and pulmonary function in children and adolescents with cystic

Célia Regina Moutinho de Miranda Chaves1, José Augusto Alves de Britto, Cristiano Queiroz de Oliveira

  • 1Departamento de Alimentação e Nutrição, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. crchaves@iff.fiocruz.br

Jornal Brasileiro De Pneumologia : Publicacao Oficial Da Sociedade Brasileira De Pneumologia E Tisilogia
|June 24, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Nutritional status, including body composition, is linked to lung function in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients. Body composition measures offer earlier detection of malnutrition than BMI alone.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Cystic Fibrosis Research

Background:

  • Cystic fibrosis (CF) impacts multiple organ systems, including the lungs and nutritional status.
  • Maintaining adequate nutritional status is crucial for managing CF and improving pulmonary outcomes.
  • Early identification of nutritional deficiencies is essential for timely intervention in pediatric CF patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between various nutritional status indicators and pulmonary function in children and adolescents with CF.
  • To compare the effectiveness of different nutritional assessment methods in identifying deficiencies in this population.

Main Methods:

  • 48 pediatric CF patients (6-18 years) were assessed for nutritional status using Body Mass Index (BMI), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), and triceps skinfold thickness (TST).
  • Pulmonary function was evaluated using spirometry, with Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) used to determine airway obstruction severity.
  • Statistical analyses included Student's t-tests and linear regression to assess associations between nutritional parameters and lung function.

Main Results:

  • Body composition measurements (MAMC) identified more malnourished patients (25) than BMI (14).
  • Pulmonary function (FEV1) showed significant correlations with BMI, MAMC, and TST (p < 0.05).
  • Patients with moderate to severe lung disease were all classified as malnourished by both BMI and body composition, with discrepancies noted between methods.

Conclusions:

  • All assessed nutritional status measurements demonstrated a direct correlation with pulmonary function in pediatric CF patients.
  • Body composition parameters (MAMC, TST) proved more sensitive than BMI for the early detection of nutritional deficiencies in this cohort.
  • Utilizing body composition assessments can aid in earlier identification and management of malnutrition in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.
Abstract

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