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Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

Quantification of left ventricular asynchrony throughout the whole cardiac cycle with a computed algorithm:

E Silva¹, M Sitges, L Mont

¹Thorax Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

|June 25, 2009

Summary

A new method assesses left ventricular (LV) asynchrony throughout the cardiac cycle, improving selection for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and optimizing device settings.

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Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Biomedical Engineering
Medical Imaging

Background:

Current methods for measuring left ventricular (LV) asynchrony rely on single time points from tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) scans.
These single-point measurements are often difficult to identify and may not represent the entire cardiac cycle.
This limitation hinders accurate assessment of LV dyssynchrony.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate a novel asynchrony index that evaluates LV wall motion throughout the entire cardiac cycle.
To assess the utility of this new index in differentiating healthy individuals from patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
To determine the optimal interventricular (VV) pacing interval for CRT devices.

Main Methods:

Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) was used to study 10 healthy volunteers and 50 CRT patients.
Wall displacement tracings of the septal and lateral LV walls were analyzed using cross-correlation.
Two indices, time delay and superposition index (SI), were calculated to quantify LV asynchrony.

Main Results:

CRT patients exhibited significantly higher LV asynchrony (lower SI, longer time delay) compared to healthy volunteers.
Patients who responded to CRT showed greater LV dyssynchrony than non-responders.
The computed optimal VV interval demonstrated excellent concordance with established methods for CRT device optimization.

Conclusions:

The novel approach enables comprehensive measurement of LV intraventricular asynchrony across the cardiac cycle.
This method is valuable for identifying suitable candidates for CRT.
It also facilitates the determination of optimal VV intervals for CRT device programming.