[Histone modification and its application in therapy for hematologic malignancies -- review]

Area of Science:

• Epigenetics
• Molecular Biology
• Oncology

Context:

• Histone modification plays a crucial role in oncogenesis and hematologic malignancies.
• Gene expression is regulated by histone acetylation and methylation, influencing chromatin structure.
• Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key regulators of histone deacetylation.

Purpose:

• To review advances in histone modification mechanisms.
• To summarize the different categories and mechanisms of HDAC inhibitors.
• To explore the therapeutic applications of HDAC inhibitors in hematologic malignancies.

Summary:

• HDAC inhibitors, including short-chain fatty acids, hydroxamic acids, cyclic tetrapeptides, and benzamides, demonstrate therapeutic efficacy with low toxicity in hematologic malignancies.
• Clinical trials indicate significant therapeutic benefits of HDAC inhibitors.
• Combination therapy with DNA demethylation drugs can restore anti-oncogene expression by decreasing DNA methylation and increasing histone acetylation.

Impact:

• HDAC inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic strategy for hematologic malignancies.
• Epigenetic therapies, including histone acetylation modulators, hold significant potential for cancer treatment.
• This review consolidates current knowledge on HDAC inhibitors for hematologic malignancy treatment.