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Pico-strain multiplexed fiber optic sensor array operating down to infra-sonic frequencies.

Ian C M Littler1, Malcolm B Gray, Jong H Chow

  • 1Centre for Gravitational Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. ian.littler@anu.edu.au

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|June 25, 2009
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Summary

A new integrated sensor system enables passive, long-range strain sensing up to 100 km with high sensitivity. This breakthrough uses multiplexed lasers for precise, low-frequency measurements, paving the way for advanced accelerometers and hydrophones.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Optical Engineering
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Traditional strain sensors face limitations in range and sensitivity.
  • Low-frequency sensing requires high precision and minimal noise.
  • Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) offers potential for dense sensor networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated sensor system for passive, long-range, low-frequency strain measurement.
  • To achieve pico-strain sensitivity at frequencies as low as 4 Hz.
  • To demonstrate negligible cross-talk in a WDM sensor array.

Main Methods:

  • Pre-stabilizing and multiplexing interrogation lasers to a single optical frequency reference.
  • Locking each laser to an arbitrary wavelength for independent tuning.
  • Implementing a WDM scheme to suppress laser frequency noise.

Main Results:

  • Achieved passive, long-range operation up to 100 km.
  • Demonstrated pico-strain (ε) sensitivity at low frequencies (4 Hz).
  • Exhibited negligible cross-talk (better than -75 dB) in WDM operation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multiplexed strain sensing system offers high performance for long-range, low-frequency applications.
  • The single optical frequency reference approach effectively suppresses laser noise.
  • The system can be packaged for use in low-frequency accelerometers or hydrophone arrays.