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Related Concept Videos

Symmetry Elements in a Crystal01:27

Symmetry Elements in a Crystal

Crystal symmetry operations are isometric transformations that map objects onto indistinguishable copies while preserving distances, angles, and volumes. The simplest symmetry operation is translation, which shifts the entire infinite crystal lattice parallelly by a translation vector.Crystallographic rotations involve rotations by an angle of 2π/n around an axis without changing the positions of points on the axis. It is called the rotational axis of the symmetry, denoted by n. The combination...
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview01:24

The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview

Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

Two-dimensional photonic aperiodic crystals based on Thue-Morse sequence.

Luigi Moretti, Vito Mocella

    Optics Express
    |June 25, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study explores theoretical photonic properties of 2D aperiodic crystals generated using Thue-Morse sequences. Findings reveal quasi-localized states and a novel method for creating these unique photonic structures.

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    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
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    Published on: September 26, 2014

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    Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation

    Published on: February 25, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Condensed matter physics
    • Photonics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Aperiodic crystals offer unique optical properties compared to periodic counterparts.
    • The Thue-Morse sequence provides a framework for generating complex, non-repeating structures.
    • Understanding photonic bandgaps is crucial for optical device design.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically investigate the photonic properties of 2D aperiodic crystals.
    • To analyze bandgap formation mechanisms in these structures.
    • To propose a generalized method for creating aperiodic photonic materials.

    Main Methods:

    • Density of states calculations for photonic bandgap analysis.
    • Single scattering and Mie scattering models to understand bandgap formation.
    • Theoretical modeling of electromagnetic field distribution.

    Main Results:

    • The study reveals the formation of photonic bandgaps in the investigated aperiodic structures.
    • Electromagnetic fields exhibit quasi-localized states within the crystal.
    • A generalized method for constructing aperiodic photonic structures is proposed.

    Conclusions:

    • Aperiodic photonic crystals based on Thue-Morse sequences exhibit distinct photonic properties.
    • The proposed theoretical framework elucidates bandgap formation mechanisms.
    • The developed method offers a pathway for designing novel aperiodic photonic materials.