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Self-efficacy in weight management.

M M Clark1, D B Abrams, R S Niaura

  • 1Division of Behavioral Medicine, Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02906.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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The Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire (WEL) effectively measures self-efficacy in obesity treatment. It shows sensitivity to treatment changes, highlighting the importance of addressing all self-efficacy dimensions for comprehensive obesity management.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Psychology
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Self-efficacy is a key factor in understanding and treating obesity.
  • Previous measures of self-efficacy in obesity treatment had limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire (WEL).
  • To explore the best theoretical model of self-efficacy for obesity treatment.
  • To examine changes in self-efficacy during obesity treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and validated the 20-item WEL using clinical populations (N=382).
  • Employed cross-validation of factor analysis and tested a hierarchical model.
  • Assessed WEL sensitivity to changes in global and situational factor scores in two treatment studies.

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Main Results:

  • The hierarchical model provided the best fit for the data.
  • The WEL demonstrated sensitivity to changes in global self-efficacy scores.
  • The WEL also showed sensitivity to changes in a subset of its five situational factors (Negative Emotions, Availability, Social Pressure, Physical Discomfort, Positive Activities).

Conclusions:

  • The WEL is a validated instrument for assessing self-efficacy in obesity treatment.
  • Obesity treatment programs may be incomplete if they do not address all situational dimensions of self-efficacy.
  • The findings have significant theoretical and clinical implications for obesity management.