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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay
09:14

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay

Published on: January 26, 2019

Challenges in developing a pediatric RSV vaccine.

Jeanne H Schickli1, Filip Dubovsky, Roderick S Tang

  • 1Research Department, MedImmune, Mountain View, CA, USA. schicklij@medimmune.com

Human Vaccines
|June 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection in infants is crucial. Live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates are promising, with two advanced into clinical studies for infant immunization.

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Published on: December 10, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a primary cause of infant hospitalization globally.
  • A significant unmet need exists for effective RSV prevention strategies in young infants.
  • Current RSV vaccine development faces challenges including maternal antibody interference and enhanced disease risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of RSV vaccine development for infants.
  • To highlight the advantages of live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates.
  • To introduce promising live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates progressing in clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing vaccinology approaches for RSV prevention.
  • Evaluation of live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates in preclinical models.
  • Assessment of clinical trial progress for novel RSV vaccines.

Main Results:

  • No RSV vaccine is currently approved for infant use.
  • Live RSV infection elicits protective systemic and mucosal immunity without enhanced disease.
  • Two live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates have advanced into clinical studies.

Conclusions:

  • Live attenuated RSV vaccines are a preferred strategy due to their safety and immunogenicity profile.
  • rA2cpts248/404/1030/DeltaSH and rb/h PIV3/RSV F2 represent promising candidates for infant RSV prevention.
  • Further clinical evaluation is essential to establish the efficacy and safety of these live attenuated RSV vaccines.