Postoperative displacement of hydroxyapatite spacers implanted during double-door laminoplasty
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Takashi Kaito1, Noboru Hosono, Takahiro Makino
1Department of Orthopedics, National Hospital Organization Osaka Minami Medical Center, Kawachinagano, Osaka Japan. t-kaito@leto.eonet.ne.jp
Insights
Hydroxyapatite (HA) spacers frequently displace after double-door laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy, leading to spinal canal deformation. Strategic placement near the dura may improve HA spacer stability.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Double-door laminoplasty is a common procedure for compressive cervical myelopathy.
- Hydroxyapatite (HA) spacers are used to maintain lamina opening but are prone to displacement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and patterns of postoperative HA spacer displacement.
- To identify factors contributing to HA spacer displacement in laminoplasty.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 86 patients undergoing double-door laminoplasty with 278 HA spacers.
- Assessment of HA spacer displacement and lamina tilt via postoperative radiographs and CT scans.
Main Results:
- 42% of HA spacers showed dorsal migration (>2 mm); 38% rotated (>10 degrees).
- 34% of opened laminae tilted (>10 degrees), and 59% of patients had spinal canal deformation.
- No association found between spacer displacement/canal deformation and neurological worsening or neck pain.
Conclusions:
- Postoperative HA spacer displacement and spinal canal deformation are frequent complications of double-door laminoplasty.
- Hydroxyapatite spacers demonstrate a tendency for displacement after surgery.
- Optimal HA spacer placement at the spinous process base, near the dura, may reduce displacement.
Object:
Double-door laminoplasty using hydroxyapatite (HA) spacers has been widely performed for compressive cervical myelopathy and has provided good neurological outcome. Although HA spacers are used for preventing reclosure of the opened laminae, they are often displaced or dislocated from their original position. The authors investigated the incidence and patterns of postoperative HA spacer displacement to determine the reasons for this unfavorable event.
Methods:
Eighty-six patients with compressive myelopathy underwent double-door laminoplasty in which a total of 278 HA spacers were used. The displacement of HA spacers and opened laminae were assessed using postoperative lateral radiographs and CT scans.
Results:
Postoperative dorsal migration > 2 mm was found in 116 (42%) of 278 implanted HA spacers. In addition, 33 (38%) of 86 HA spacers rotated > 10 degrees and 29 (34%) of the 86 opened laminae tilted > 10 degrees. Moreover, deformation of the newly formed spinal canal was observed in 51 (59%) of 86 cases, and bone fusion between the HA spacer and spinous process was achieved in only 15 (8.7%) of 172 cases. Neurological worsening and neck pain, however, were not associated with displacement of HA spacers or deformation of the spinal canal.
Conclusions:
In double-door laminoplasty, postoperative displacement of the HA spacer with deformation of the enlarged spinal canal occurred frequently. Hydroxyapatite spacers tend to become displaced after surgery. Placing the HA spacer at the base of the spinous process close to the dura mater may prevent postoperative displacement.
