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Updated: Jun 22, 2026
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
A mathematical model to evaluate control strategies for mechanical circulatory support
Lieke G E Cox1, Sandra Loerakker, Marcel C M Rutten
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Artificial Organs
|June 30, 2009
Summary
Pulsatile support for continuous flow ventricular assist devices (VADs) improved patient perfusion and unloading compared to constant speed. This approach also enhances control strategy development for mechanical circulatory support (MCS).
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Computational Modeling
Background:
- Continuous flow ventricular assist devices (VADs) are preferred for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) due to size and reliability.
- Concerns exist regarding decreased pulsatility and ventricular unloading with continuous flow VADs.
- Pulsatile VADs offer broader control strategy options.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the benefits of pulsatile operation versus constant speed for a continuous flow VAD using a computer model.
- To assess the impact on hemodynamics in both normal and heart failure conditions.
Main Methods:
- Developed a comprehensive computer model of the cardiovascular system, including ventricles, circulation, and baroreflex.
- Simulated normal and heart failure hemodynamics.
- Integrated a HeartMate II VAD model to compare constant speed and pulsatile support.
Main Results:
- Pulsatile support improved perfusion (cardiac index, coronary flow) and unloading (stroke work, heart rate) compared to constant speed.
- Pulsatile support did not fully resolve the decreased pulsatility issue.
- The model demonstrated potential for developing advanced MCS control strategies.
Conclusions:
- Pulsatile operation of continuous flow VADs offers hemodynamic advantages over constant speed support.
- This pulsatile approach enhances the potential for developing sophisticated patient-specific control strategies for MCS.
- The validated computer model serves as a valuable tool for future MCS control strategy development.
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