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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Published on: September 22, 2019

Rifampin-associated pseudomembranous colitis.

Tun-Chieh Chen1, Po-Liang Lu, Wei-Ru Lin

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|June 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is a rare side effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs. This case study suggests rifampin may induce PMC, which was successfully treated by adjusting medication.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is typically associated with antibiotic use.
  • Association between anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) agents and PMC is uncommon.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for PMC treatment.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old woman developed severe diarrhea and abdominal pain after 126 days of anti-TB treatment.
  • Colonoscopic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PMC.
  • Symptoms recurred upon re-exposure to rifampin and isoniazid.

Findings:

  • Rifampin was identified as a potential causative agent for PMC in this patient.
  • Discontinuation of anti-TB drugs initially improved symptoms.
  • Combination therapy with metronidazole and levofloxacin (replacing rifampin) led to successful resolution.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for anti-TB drugs, particularly rifampin, to induce PMC.
  • Clinicians should consider PMC in patients on anti-TB therapy presenting with severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • Further investigation into the mechanisms of drug-induced PMC is warranted.