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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

A dipalladium complex with a single hydroxo bridge and its methylpalladium precursor.

Lingyun Cao1, Michael C Jennings, Richard J Puddephatt

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, CanadaN6A 5B7.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|June 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized a novel methylpalladium complex, [PdMe(bpma)]Cl, and converted it to a hydroxo-bridged dinuclear palladium complex, [Pd2(micro-OH)(bpma)2](OTf)3. This complex models hydrolysis products of biologically active platinum compounds.

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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles
11:54

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

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Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

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Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles
11:54

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Palladium complexes are crucial in catalysis and medicinal chemistry.
  • Understanding hydrolysis pathways of metal-based drugs like cisplatin is important for drug development.
  • Dinuclear metal complexes with bridging ligands offer unique structural and reactivity insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel methylpalladium complex.
  • To investigate the reactivity of the methylpalladium complex towards Lewis acids and Brønsted acids.
  • To explore the formation and structural features of a hydroxo-bridged dinuclear palladium complex as a model for biological hydrolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of [PdClMe(Me2NCH2CH2NMe2)] with bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (bpma).
  • Anion exchange reactions using silver triflate (AgOTf) or silver tetrafluoroborate (AgBF4).
  • Reaction with B(C6F5)3 or HOTf to form the dinuclear complex.
  • Structural characterization of the resulting complexes.

Main Results:

  • Synthesis of the methylpalladium complex [PdMe(bpma)]Cl.
  • Conversion to triflate and tetrafluoroborate salts.
  • Formation of the hydroxo-bridged dinuclear palladium complex [Pd2(micro-OH)(bpma)2](OTf)3.
  • Structural determination revealed an unusually large Pd-O-Pd angle of 141.2(3) degrees.

Conclusions:

  • A novel hydroxo-bridged dinuclear palladium complex was successfully synthesized and characterized.
  • The complex exhibits a unique structural feature with a large Pd-O-Pd angle.
  • This complex serves as a valuable model for understanding the hydrolysis of biologically active metal compounds, including platinum-based drugs.