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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Prostate Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Prostate Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

Published on: August 1, 2025

The FOXF2 pathway in the human prostate stroma.

Leonie van der Heul-Nieuwenhuijsen¹, Natasja Dits, Wilfred Van Ijcken

¹Department of Urology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

|June 30, 2009

Summary

Forkhead box 2 (FOXF2) is decreased in prostate cancer and regulates stromal cell gene expression. This suggests FOXF2 plays a role in prostate homeostasis and interactions between stroma and epithelial cells.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Oncology

Background:

Forkhead box 2 (FOXF2) is a transcription factor with expression patterns suggesting a role in prostate cancer development.
FOXF2 is stroma-specific, more abundant in the prostate transition zone, and decreased in prostate cancer.
Its specific expression pattern indicates potential involvement in prostate stromal biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify genes and signaling pathways regulated by FOXF2 in prostate stromal cells.
To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying FOXF2's role in prostate stroma.

Main Methods:

Microarray expression profiling of primary prostate stromal cells (PrSC) treated with FOXF2 siRNA or control siRNA.
Validation of differentially expressed genes using RT-PCR.
Pathway analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA).

Main Results:

Microarray analysis identified 190 differentially expressed genes regulated by FOXF2.
Genes downregulated by FOXF2 include MT1E, MT1F, PDGFA, ITGB1, and PSG7.
Genes upregulated by FOXF2 include WASF2, BAMBI, and CXCL12, impacting pathways like PPAR, PDGF, and ECM signaling.
FOXF2-upregulated genes were found to be downregulated by TGFbeta3, indicating an opposing role.

Conclusions:

FOXF2's distinct expression and regulation of ECM signaling suggest a role in prostate homeostasis.
FOXF2 influences stroma-epithelial interactions within the prostate.
The opposing role in the TGFbeta3 pathway highlights FOXF2's complex regulatory functions in the prostate.