[Electroconvulsive therapy in major depression: current aspects]

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Clinical Medicine

Context:

• Depression is a prevalent and debilitating mental health condition.
• Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has a long-standing history in psychiatric treatment.
• The efficacy and safety of ECT continue to be areas of active research and refinement.

Purpose:

• To review the established efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating depressive symptoms.
• To highlight current aspects of ECT practice, including patient perception and quality of life.
• To underscore the role of ECT as a leading biological treatment for depression.

Summary:

• Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) demonstrates superior efficacy compared to antidepressant medications for depression.
• ECT achieves depression remission rates generally ranging from 50% to 80%.
• While effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor are debated, ECT positively impacts quality of life and patient perception.

Impact:

• ECT remains a crucial and highly effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression.
• Advancements in ECT techniques enhance its safety and utility for acute and preventative care.
• This review reinforces ECT's position as a vital therapeutic option in managing severe depressive disorders.