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Quantifying Work02:30

Quantifying Work

As a system undergoes a change, its internal energy can change, and energy can be transferred from the system to the surroundings, or from the surroundings to the system.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Methods to Test Visual Attention Online
09:44

Methods to Test Visual Attention Online

Published on: February 19, 2015

Tool independence for the Web Accessibility Quantitative Metric.

Markel Vigo1, Giorgio Brajnik, Myriam Arrue

  • 1Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain. markel@si.ehu.es

Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology
|July 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The Web Accessibility Quantitative Metric (WAQM) was developed to be evaluation tool independent for web page accessibility. This study presents a method to tune WAQM parameters, ensuring consistent measurements across different accessibility evaluation tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Web Technologies

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of web accessibility is crucial for digital inclusion.
  • Existing web accessibility evaluation tools often yield different results, hindering consistent monitoring and ranking.
  • The Web Accessibility Quantitative Metric (WAQM) was developed to address this challenge by aiming for evaluation tool independence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a method for achieving evaluation tool independence for the WAQM.
  • To tune WAQM parameters to minimize discrepancies between different accessibility evaluation tools.
  • To assess the accessibility of web pages and websites using the tuned WAQM.

Main Methods:

  • Demonstrated that homepages exhibit more consistent error profiles than other pages within a website.
  • Measured 15 homepages using EvalAccess and LIFT with 10,000 WAQM parameter variations to identify optimal parameter tuples.
  • Validated the tuned WAQM on 1,449 web pages across 15 websites, selecting parameter values that minimized tool differences.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific WAQM parameter tuples that minimize the difference in accessibility scores between EvalAccess and LIFT.
  • Successfully tuned the WAQM, enabling more consistent accessibility measurements across different evaluation tools.
  • Found that while similar accessibility values can be achieved, identical scores are unlikely due to inherent tool behavior differences.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method effectively enhances the evaluation tool independence of the WAQM.
  • Tuned WAQM provides a more reliable metric for web accessibility monitoring and ranking.
  • Recognizes that complete score parity between tools is not the objective, but rather minimized variance for consistent evaluation.