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Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations01:25

Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations

Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a series of connected lines forming a closed loop, often used for land boundary delineation or mapping. Calculating the internal angles ensures accuracy in the traverse geometry and is essential for checking survey data integrity.The process begins with known azimuths and bearings of the traverse sides. Internal angles at each vertex are...

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Measuring angles on digitalized radiographic images using Microsoft PowerPoint.

J K Jones1, A Krow, S Hariharan

  • 1Caribbean Centre for Orthopaedic Surgery, #3 Sixth Avenue, Belleville, St Michael, Barbados. jkjcmj@hotmail.com

The West Indian Medical Journal
|July 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a virtual goniometer using PowerPoint for measuring scoliosis angles on digital X-rays. The method demonstrates reliable intra-observer and inter-observer measurements, comparable to the Cobb method.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Orthopedics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Scoliosis measurement is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning.
  • Accurate angle measurement on digital radiography is essential for clinical decision-making.
  • Traditional goniometry can be time-consuming and require specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel
  • virtual goniometer
  • technique for measuring angular deformities on digital images using Microsoft PowerPoint.
  • To evaluate the reliability and validity of this virtual goniometer method compared to the Cobb method.
  • To assess intra-observer and inter-observer variability in angle measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Digital X-rays of 26 scoliosis curves were analyzed.
  • Six examiners used the virtual goniometer in PowerPoint for angle measurements (Set 1).
  • Measurements were repeated after three weeks (Set 2) to assess intra-observer variability.
  • Four examiners also used the Cobb method for comparison.
  • Paired t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients were used for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • High inter-observer reliability was found, with Pearson correlation coefficients (r) > 0.975 (p < 0.001).
  • Intra-observer variability showed an average 95% confidence interval (CI) range of 2.23 degrees.
  • The difference between the virtual goniometer and Cobb method measurements had an average 95% CI range of 2.38 degrees.

Conclusions:

  • The virtual goniometer technique provides reliable and accurate measurements of scoliosis curvatures.
  • Repeated measurements are expected to vary by less than 3 degrees, indicating good repeatability.
  • This accessible software-based method enables clinicians to make informed decisions based on digital radiographic image analysis.