[Clinical and epidemiological study of lacrimal neoplasms]

A cross-sectional mass epidemiological survey of 18,320 urban and rural citizens of the Republic of Tadjikistan revealed 31 patients with orbital tumors, of which lacrimal neoplasms were determined in 4 (0.022% in the general population and 12.9% of the identified orbital tumors). According to the referral data, the prevalence of lacrimal neoplasms was 1.03% of all the tumors of the organ of vision and 5.26% of the orbital neoplasms. Epithelial tumors were more common (52%), their malignant forms dominated over benign ones (55.7% versus 44.3%). Inflammatory processes (22.6%) as acute and chronic dacryoadenitis (9.5%) and pseudotumors (13.1) were the second most common conditions. Lymphoid tissue tumors (13.6%), cystoid masses (8.6%), and neoplasms of unclear genesis (1.4%) were noticeably less prevalent. The severest difficulties in recognizing lacrimal epithelial tumors were to clinically and morphologically identify what determined the specific features of the lacrimal structure and evident structural polymorphism. With the higher grade of anaplasia, the likelihood of a recurrence of a tumor and the rate of its growth increased (r = +0.83). The survival rates closely correlated with the higher rates of recurrent adenocarcinoma and adenocystic cancer (r = -0.87).