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Neurological examination of cortical function deficits
1Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. obty@helse-bergen.no
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum
|July 2, 2009
Summary
This review details how studying brain damage, surgery, primates, and imaging clarifies human cortical functions. It focuses on evaluating deficits in complex cognitive processes like language, memory, and associative functions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurology
Background:
- Human cortical functions are understood through studying brain damage, surgical outcomes, primate research, and neuroimaging.
- Primary cortical functions (motor, sensory, visual) are well-defined.
- Complex functions (language, memory) and associative functions are more challenging to study but have established structural bases for deficits like neglect, apraxia, and agnosia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical neurological evaluation of human cortical function deficits.
- To synthesize current understanding of how various methods elucidate complex cognitive functions.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on brain damage, neurosurgery, primate studies, and functional imaging.
- Focus on clinical neurological evaluation methods.
Main Results:
- Established understanding of primary cortical functions.
- Clarified structural bases for deficits in associative cortical areas (neglect, apraxia, agnosia).
- Functional imaging reveals extensive cortical involvement in motor planning and memory.
Conclusions:
- Clinical neurological evaluation remains crucial for understanding cortical function deficits.
- Integrating data from diverse methodologies enhances our comprehension of complex human cognition.
