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[Cold-induced pathology at high altitude].

P Segantini1, R Horn

  • 1Chirurgische Klinik, Spital Uster.

Schweizerische Rundschau Fur Medizin Praxis = Revue Suisse De Medecine Praxis
|November 12, 1991
PubMed
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Cold injury, including hypothermia and frostbite, is a significant risk in outdoor activities. Prompt rewarming and medical care are crucial for recovery, especially for severe hypothermia.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Environmental Health
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Cold injury poses a significant risk in mountain climbing and outdoor sports like skiing and fishing.
  • Prevention strategies are available, and symptoms are generally recognizable.

Observation:

  • Cold injury is pathologically classified into general hypothermia and local frostbite.
  • Deep hypothermia, characterized by coma and circulatory compromise, is reversible with adequate core rewarming, such as via cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  • Local frostbite, while not immediately life-threatening, can lead to severe long-term damage.

Findings:

  • Rapid rewarming in 37-42°C water is essential for frostbite injuries.
  • Scintigraphy aids in early prognosis of frostbite severity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Standard treatment for frostbite includes sterile wound care, whirlpool baths, and infection prevention.

    • Implications:

    • Hypothermic patients exhibit a high tolerance to hypoxia, making clinical death potentially reversible.
    • Further research is needed on treatments like vasodilators, anticoagulants, and sympathectomy for frostbite.
    • Early results with Prostavasine for frostbite treatment are promising.