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Related Concept Videos

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory organs,...
GPCR Desensitization01:12

GPCR Desensitization

G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors01:30

Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors

G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy
08:27

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy

Published on: January 7, 2019

TRPC channels as STIM1-regulated SOCs.

Joseph P Yuan1, Min Seuk Kim, Weizhong Zeng

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.

Channels (Austin, Tex.)
|July 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) opens store-operated calcium channels (SOCs), including TRPC channels, through electrostatic interactions. This clarifies the molecular mechanism of SOC regulation in cellular functions.

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Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection
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Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

Published on: February 17, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy
08:27

Expression and Purification of the Human Lipid-sensitive Cation Channel TRPC3 for Structural Determination by Single-particle Cryo-electron Microscopy

Published on: January 7, 2019

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection
10:00

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

Published on: February 17, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Physiology
  • Ion Channel Function

Background:

  • Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) regulate cellular functions by controlling calcium influx.
  • Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) acts as the endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensor that activates SOCs.
  • Both TRPC and Orai channels have been implicated as SOCs, but the precise mechanism of STIM1 activation remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether STIM1 opens both TRPC and Orai channels.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which STIM1 gates TRPC channels.
  • To provide evidence supporting the role of TRPC channels as SOCs.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to demonstrate interaction between STIM1 and TRPC channels.
  • Functional studies using charge mutants of STIM1 (K684,K685) and TRPC1 (D639,D640), TRPC3 (D697,D698).
  • Analysis of electrostatic interactions between STIM1's polybasic domain and conserved negative charges in TRPC channels.

Main Results:

  • Biochemical and functional evidence confirms the interaction between STIM1 and TRPC channels.
  • STIM1 gates TRPC channels via electrostatic interactions between STIM1(K684,K685) and conserved aspartates/glutamates in TRPC channels.
  • Mutational analysis provides direct evidence for TRPC channels functioning as SOCs.

Conclusions:

  • STIM1 directly gates TRPC channels through specific electrostatic interactions.
  • This mechanism provides strong support for the role of TRPC channels as functional SOCs.
  • Understanding this gating mechanism is crucial for comprehending calcium signaling pathways.