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Related Concept Videos

Golgi Apparatus01:49

Golgi Apparatus

As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.The Golgi apparatus is a major sorting and dispatch station for the products of the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter...
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
Transport Across the Golgi01:26

Transport Across the Golgi

While it is unclear how molecules move between adjacent Golgi cisternae, it is apparent that the molecules move from cis- cisterna, the entry face, to the trans- cisterna, the exit face. Experiments initially suggested vesicles that bud from one cisterna and fuse with the next cisterna to transport proteins between the cisternae. This vesicular transport model describes the Golgi apparatus as a relatively static structure with a unique enzyme composition in each cisterna. Molecules are...
Introduction to Membrane Traffic01:44

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...
Introduction to Membrane Traffic01:44

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...

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Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass
13:08

Quantitative Localization of a Golgi Protein by Imaging Its Center of Fluorescence Mass

Published on: August 10, 2017

Membrane traffic within the Golgi apparatus.

Benjamin S Glick1, Akihiko Nakano

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. bsglick@uchicago.edu

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
|July 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The Golgi apparatus processes secretory proteins using cisternal maturation, where compartments form, transport cargo, and disappear. This model explains protein movement but raises questions about Golgi structure and resident protein recycling.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Secretory cargo molecules traverse the Golgi apparatus, while resident Golgi proteins are retained.
  • The precise mechanisms of membrane traffic within the Golgi remain incompletely understood.
  • The cisternal maturation model is a leading hypothesis for Golgi dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current understanding of Golgi apparatus membrane traffic pathways.
  • To highlight key mechanistic questions regarding Golgi structure and function.
  • To discuss the implications of the cisternal maturation model for Golgi dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Golgi apparatus structure and function.
  • Analysis of experimental data supporting or refuting membrane traffic models.
  • Integration of conserved and cell-type-specific features of Golgi architecture.

Main Results:

  • The cisternal maturation model provides a framework for understanding cargo progression and cisterna dynamics.
  • The Golgi's entry face receives material from the endoplasmic reticulum, and the exit face connects with endocytic pathways.
  • Cell-type-specific features, like tubular connections in mammalian Golgi, enhance conserved functions.

Conclusions:

  • The cisternal maturation model effectively explains many aspects of Golgi traffic.
  • Significant mechanistic questions persist regarding cisterna formation, resident protein recycling, and Golgi compartmental identity.
  • Understanding Golgi structural elements is crucial for elucidating membrane traffic roles.