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Related Concept Videos

Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
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Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Creation of Abdominal Adhesions in Mice
06:44

Creation of Abdominal Adhesions in Mice

Published on: August 27, 2016

Adhesion development and morbidity after repeat cesarean delivery.

Togas Tulandi1, Mohammed Agdi, Afsoon Zarei

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
|July 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repeat cesarean sections (CS) increase the risk of intraabdominal adhesions. Each subsequent CS delivery also takes longer, though complication rates remain comparable to primary CS.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Creation of Abdominal Adhesions in Mice
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Published on: August 27, 2016

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04:08

Mouse Model of Surgical Uterine Injury and Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Gynecologic Surgery

Background:

  • Intraabdominal adhesions are a common complication after abdominal surgery.
  • Cesarean section (CS) is a frequent surgical procedure, with repeat CSs becoming increasingly common.
  • Understanding adhesion development after repeat CS is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and extent of intraabdominal adhesions following repeat cesarean section (CS).
  • To assess the impact of multiple CS deliveries on surgical outcomes, including delivery time.
  • To analyze the implications of adhesion development in women undergoing repeat CS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 1283 women undergoing repeat CS and 203 women undergoing primary CS.
  • Primary outcome measures included adhesion incidence and extent, incision-to-delivery interval, and operating time.
  • Statistical analysis to compare outcomes between primary and repeat CS groups, and across different numbers of repeat CS.

Main Results:

  • No adhesions were observed in the primary CS group.
  • Adhesion incidence significantly increased with each subsequent CS: 24.4% after the second CS and 42.8% after the third CS.
  • Delivery time significantly increased with repeat CS, with longer intervals observed for third and subsequent CS procedures.
  • Complication rates for women with two or more CSs were comparable to those with primary CS.

Conclusions:

  • Adhesion development is progressive with each repeat cesarean section.
  • Surgical delivery time increases with the number of CS procedures performed.
  • While adhesions and delivery time increase, complication rates remain stable across repeat CSs.