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Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
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Ascites01:19

Ascites

DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...
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Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
05:22

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Published on: February 13, 2026

Ascites: diagnosis and management.

Wei Hou1, Arun J Sanyal

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, MCV Box 980341, Richmond, VA 23298-0341, USA.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|July 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ascites, or abdominal fluid buildup, is common in liver failure. Management includes diuretics, paracentesis, and shunts for refractory cases.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
05:22

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Published on: February 13, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Ascites is the pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
  • It is a common manifestation of liver failure and a cardinal sign of portal hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize diagnostic tools for ascites.
  • To provide an evidence-based approach to ascites management.
  • To discuss management of refractory ascites.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic evaluation includes serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) and exclusion of complications like spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
  • Management strategies reviewed include sodium restriction, diuretics, large volume paracentesis, and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS).

Main Results:

  • SAAG is crucial for determining the cause of ascites.
  • Refractory ascites requires additional therapies beyond diuretics.
  • Paracentesis and TIPS are key interventions for refractory ascites.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic diagnostic approach is essential for effective ascites management.
  • Evidence-based treatment strategies should be tailored to individual patient needs.
  • Understanding management options for refractory ascites improves patient outcomes.