Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

CPX-351 induces remission in newly diagnosed pediatric secondary myeloid malignancies.

Blood advances·2021

Same author

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis restricted to the central nervous system.

Archives of disease in childhood·2020

Same author

Pediatric Bone Marrow Interpretation.

Surgical pathology clinics·2016

Same author

Drug transporters on arachnoid barrier cells contribute to the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.

Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals·2013

Same author

Comparative analysis of different approaches to measure treatment response in acute myeloid leukemia.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·2012

Same author

A single-arm pilot phase II study of gefitinib and irinotecan in children with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma.

Investigational new drugs·2011

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Published on: October 17, 2025

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Mihaela Onciu¹

¹Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. mihaela.onciu@stjude.org

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America

|July 7, 2009

Summary

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma are lymphoid cancers diagnosed by cell features. Treatment success depends on genetic subtype and minimal residual disease monitoring, with ongoing research targeting better outcomes.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Genetics

Background:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) are aggressive lymphoid neoplasms.
These diseases originate from B- and T-lymphoid progenitors and are genetically diverse.
Accurate diagnosis relies on morphology, immunophenotyping, and genetic analysis to distinguish them from normal cells and other cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the diagnostic criteria for ALL and LBL.
To review current treatment outcomes and prognostic factors.
To highlight the role of minimal residual disease (MRD) in therapy optimization and future research directions.

Main Methods:

Morphologic examination of blood and bone marrow smears.
Immunophenotypic analysis using flow cytometry.

More Related Videos

In Ovo Xenografting of Patient-Derived Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells (PDX-ALL)

In Ovo Xenografting of Patient-Derived Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells (PDX-ALL)

Published on: August 1, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Published on: October 17, 2025

In Ovo Xenografting of Patient-Derived Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells (PDX-ALL)

In Ovo Xenografting of Patient-Derived Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells (PDX-ALL)

Published on: August 1, 2025

Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies for disease subtyping.

Main Results:

High cure rates (85-90% in children, 40-50% in adults) are achievable with intensive chemotherapy.
Disease outcomes are significantly influenced by genetic subtype and clinical presentation.
Minimal residual disease assessment via flow cytometry and molecular methods is crucial for prognosis and treatment adjustment.

Conclusions:

ALL and LBL require precise diagnosis based on integrated features.
Treatment strategies are increasingly tailored by genetic profiles and MRD status.
Continued genetic research promises to uncover new therapeutic targets and improve patient survival in these lymphoid malignancies.