[Glomerulopathies as causes of end-stage renal disease in children]

The aim of the study was assessment of the frequency of glomerular diseases (GD) as a cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children.

Retrospectively, causes of ESRD, frequency, duration of the disease until diagnosis of ESRD in 195 children treated in 1973-2008 were analysed.

Among children with ESRD, GD were diagnosed in 94 (48.2%)--mean age 10.9 +/- 4.3 years, congenital abnormalities of urinary tract in 61 (31.2%) aged 10.6 +/- 4.3 years and other causes in 40 (20.5%). Among 94 children with GD the 49 (52%) patients had primary glomerulonephritis (GN): 24--crescentic GN, 9--focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 8--mesangioproliferative GN, 5--IgA nephropathy, 3--membranoproliferative GN. In 37 (39.5%) the causes of ESRD were secondary glomerulopathies: 20--amyloidosis, 10--hemolytic-uremic syndrome, 6--Schönlein-Henoch nephropathy, 1--Wegener granulomatosis. In 8 (8.5%) patients causes of ESRD were: Alport syndrome in 2, congenital nephrotic syndrome in 1 and in 5 type of glomerulopathy was unknown. Time between diagnosis of nephropathy and start of dialysis was 0-13.75 years, median 1.1 in patients with GD and was significantly shorter (p<0.003) than this time in the group with congenital abnormalities of the urinary tract (0-14.9 years; median 3.83). There was no difference between primary GN and secondary glomerulopathies.

Chronic glomerulopathies were the most frequent cause of ESRD in investigated group. Time between diagnosis of chronic renal disease and initiation of renal replacement therapy was significantly shorter in children with glomerulopathies than with congenital abnormalities of urinary tract.