Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Global Longitudinal Strain and Left Ventricular Mechanical Dispersion in Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Sudden Cardiac Arrest.

The American journal of cardiology·2026
Same author

Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair for Severe Regurgitation in Cardiogenic Shock: A Comprehensive Review.

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease·2025
Same author

[2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of myocarditis and pericarditis].

Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006)·2025
Same author

Effect of mavacamten and disopyramide on left ventricular mechanical dispersion and life-threatening arrhythmia in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging·2025
Same author

2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of myocarditis and pericarditis.

European heart journal·2025
Same author

Treatment and outcomes of chronic coronary syndromes: the EORP EURECA imaging registry.

European heart journal·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

[Functional mitral regurgitation].

Leyla Elif Sade1

  • 1Başkent Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Ankara, Türkiye. sadele@gmail.com

Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian Journal of Cardiology
|July 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) stems from ventricle disease, not valve issues, and has a poor prognosis. Understanding FMR

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is distinct from organic mitral regurgitation, arising from myocardial disease affecting normal mitral valve leaflets.
  • FMR is characterized by ventricular deformation, leading to mitral annular and papillary muscle dysfunction.
  • This condition is prevalent and associated with a poor prognosis, necessitating specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the distinct pathophysiological mechanisms of FMR.
  • To highlight the importance of exercise stress echocardiography in evaluating FMR.
  • To underscore the need for novel therapeutic approaches tailored to FMR.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews the complex pathophysiology of FMR.

More Related Videos

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

  • It emphasizes the role of left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction.
  • Exercise stress echocardiography is identified as crucial for hemodynamic assessment.

    • Main Results:

    • FMR results from a complex interplay of ventricular remodeling and dysfunction.
    • The dynamic nature of FMR poses challenges in accurate quantification.
    • Exercise stress echocardiography provides critical insights into the hemodynamic burden.

    Conclusions:

    • FMR is a ventricle-centric disease with unique characteristics and poor outcomes.
    • Current therapeutic strategies for classical mitral regurgitation may not be optimal for FMR.
    • Further research into FMR pathophysiology and tailored treatments is warranted.