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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Published on: June 24, 2014

microRNA expression during trophectoderm specification.

Srinivas R Viswanathan¹, Craig H Mermel, Jun Lu

¹Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA.

|July 8, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified key microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in early mammalian development, specifically trophectoderm specification. This study compared miRNA expression in embryonic stem cells and developing mouse embryos to uncover crucial regulators of this first cell-fate decision.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium

MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Human iPS Cells, Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived From iPS, and Fetal Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Published on: June 24, 2014

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

Published on: September 16, 2013

Transcriptional Analysis by Nascent RNA FISH of In Vivo Trophoblast Giant Cells or In Vitro Short-term Cultures of Ectoplacental Cone Explants

Transcriptional Analysis by Nascent RNA FISH of In Vivo Trophoblast Giant Cells or In Vitro Short-term Cultures of Ectoplacental Cone Explants

Published on: August 31, 2016

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Genetics
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Trophectoderm specification is the first cell-fate decision in mammalian development, segregating the inner cell mass.
While transcription factors are known to be involved, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in trophectoderm specification remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in trophectoderm specification.
To compare miRNA expression profiles between in vitro differentiated cells and in vivo developing embryos.

Main Methods:

Profiling of microRNA expression in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) induced to differentiate into trophectodermal cells.
Profiling of microRNA expression in murine embryos at various preimplantation stages (zygote to blastocyst).

Main Results:

Identified a set of candidate miRNAs that show altered expression during trophectoderm specification.
Validated that the in vitro differentiation system accurately reflects in vivo trophectoderm specification.
Found that these candidate miRNAs are predicted to regulate development-associated genes.

Conclusions:

A minimal set of candidate miRNAs crucial for trophectoderm specification has been identified.
The identified miRNAs have potential roles in other embryonic developmental stages.
The generated expression data serves as a valuable resource for researchers studying early embryogenesis.