Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

DNA Base Pairing

DNA Base Pairing

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,

DNA Base Pairing

DNA Base Pairing

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...

Proofreading

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme

Proofreading

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...

Base-pairing and DNA Repair

Base-pairing and DNA Repair

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Phosphorothioate-Free and Self-Interaction-Reduced Acyclic Nucleic Acids for Effective Antisense Oligonucleotide.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026

Same author

Highly efficient genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein in the marine oleaginous diatom Fistulifera solaris.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

An acyclic nucleic acid-modified siRNA targeting CAG expansions for polyglutamine disease treatment.

Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids·2026

Same author

Membrane-Penetrating Molecular Device Based on a Triplex Containing Acyclic L-Threoninol Nucleic Acid Functionalized with Cholesterol.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025

Same author

Tubularized Bovine Pericardium Graft for Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction in Abdominal Malignant Tumor.

Annals of surgical oncology·2025

Same author

Staple oligomers induce a stable RNA G-quadruplex structure for protein translation inhibition in therapeutics.

Nature biomedical engineering·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Published on: March 21, 2018

Positively charged base surrogate for highly stable "base pairing" through electrostatic and stacking interactions.

Hiromu Kashida¹, Hidehiro Ito, Taiga Fujii

¹Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|July 9, 2009

Summary

Cationic dye "base pairs" significantly stabilize DNA duplexes through electrostatic and stacking forces. Modified DNA with these dye pairs exhibits higher melting temperatures than native DNA, with stability increasing with dye concentration.

More Related Videos

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Published on: April 3, 2014

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Published on: March 21, 2018

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Published on: April 3, 2014

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

Area of Science:

Synthetic chemistry
Molecular biology
Biophysical chemistry

Background:

Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) are crucial in molecular biology and therapeutics.
Stabilizing DNA duplexes is key for various applications, including diagnostics and drug delivery.
Incorporating synthetic molecules into DNA offers novel functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the stabilization effects of incorporating cationic dye "base pairs" into ODNs.
To evaluate the impact of electrostatic and stacking interactions on DNA duplex stability.
To compare the thermal stability of modified ODNs with native sequences and those containing neutral dyes.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) containing p-methylstilbazole cationic dye "base pairs".
Thermal denaturation studies (melting temperature measurements) to assess duplex stability.
Comparative analysis of modified ODNs, ODNs with neutral dyes, and native ODNs.

Main Results:

Incorporation of p-methylstilbazole cationic dye "base pairs" greatly stabilized the ODN duplex.
Modified ODNs exhibited significantly higher melting temperatures compared to native base pairs and ODNs with neutral dyes.
Increased numbers of cationic dye "base pairs" led to further enhanced duplex stabilization.

Conclusions:

Cationic dye "base pairs" are effective in stabilizing DNA duplexes via electrostatic and stacking interactions.
This modification offers a promising strategy for enhancing the thermal stability of oligonucleotides.
The findings have implications for the design of stable nucleic acid-based structures and therapeutics.