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Turkish children loved distraction: using kaleidoscope to reduce perceived pain during venipuncture
Fatma Güdücü Tüfekci1, Ayda Celebioğlu, Sibel Küçükoğlu
1Nursing School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. fgtufekci@mynet.com.tr
Insights
Distraction using kaleidoscopes significantly reduced perceived pain during venipuncture in school-aged children. This simple intervention offers an effective method for nurses to manage procedural pain and enhance patient experience.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pain Management
- Child Psychology
- Nursing Interventions
Background:
- Distraction is a recognized strategy for managing procedural pain in children.
- While various distracters have shown efficacy, evidence for their analgesic effect is limited.
- Kaleidoscopes offer a novel visual distraction method for pediatric venipuncture.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of kaleidoscope distraction in reducing perceived pain during venipuncture in healthy school-aged children.
- To explore the impact of child-specific features on pain perception during the procedure.
Main Methods:
- An intervention-control group design was employed with 206 healthy school-aged children undergoing venipuncture.
- Data collected using demographic forms, Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, and Visual Analogue Scale.
- Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used for data analysis.
Main Results:
- Children in the kaleidoscope distraction group reported lower pain levels compared to the control group.
- The reduction in pain scores was statistically significant for the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (p < 0.001).
- No significant difference was found in pain reduction using the Visual Analogue Scale.
Conclusions:
- Kaleidoscope distraction is an effective method for reducing venipuncture pain in healthy school children.
- Certain child characteristics may influence pain perception during medical procedures.
- Nurses can utilize kaleidoscope distraction for optimal pain control during venipuncture, considering individual child factors for a positive experience.
Aim:
To assess the effect of distraction (looking through kaleidoscopes) to reduce perceived pain, during venipuncture in healthy school-age children.
Background:
Distraction has been noted to be an effective method to help children cope with painful procedures. In the studies carried out, although it was found out that distraction made with different distracters reduced the pain of venipuncture, there is only one study confirming analgesic effect of distracters.
Design:
The study was carried out as an intervention-control group design.
Method:
Children (n = 206), in whom venipuncture was applied in a laboratory for examination between the dates January-September 2006, were included in the study. The data were obtained by a form determining introductory features of the children and Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and Visual Analogue Scale evaluating the pain. Descriptive statistics was used in the assessment of the data and t-test was used in comparisons of dependent-independent groups.
Results:
Pain levels of the children according to both scales in intervention group were lower than those of control group. But, it was detected that the distinction between score averages of intervention and control group of Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, not Visual Analogue Scale, was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
It was detected that the distraction made with kaleidoscope effectively reduced the pain related to venipuncture in healthy school children and that some features of the children influenced the perception of pain.
Relevance To Clinical Practice:
Distraction with kaleidoscope is a method, which the nurse will be able to use for venipuncture to obtain optimal pain control. In addition, it is important for a nurse to know some features about the children for a pain free and positive experience.