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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Microbial Corrosion01:24

Microbial Corrosion

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) is a significant form of material degradation caused by the metabolic activities of microorganisms. This phenomenon poses substantial challenges across various industries, including oil and gas, maritime, and water treatment sectors.MIC occurs when microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, and fungi, colonize metal surfaces, forming biofilms that alter the local electrochemical environment. These biofilms can lead to the production of corrosive...
Chemical Agents for Microbial Control01:27

Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
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Biological Methods for Microbial Control

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Development of Metarhizium anisopliae as a Mycoinsecticide: From Isolation to Field Performance
14:15

Development of Metarhizium anisopliae as a Mycoinsecticide: From Isolation to Field Performance

Published on: July 30, 2017

Microbicides in India-present and future.

A Nath1, S Garg

  • 1Centre for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York City, NY 10065, USA. anath@popcouncil.org

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
|July 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

India faces an ongoing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, with women being particularly vulnerable. Microbicides offer a potential protective option for women, with trials currently in early phases in India.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Development of Metarhizium anisopliae as a Mycoinsecticide: From Isolation to Field Performance
14:15

Development of Metarhizium anisopliae as a Mycoinsecticide: From Isolation to Field Performance

Published on: July 30, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • India confronts a persistent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic.
  • The epidemic is spreading from high-risk populations to the general populace.
  • Women face heightened vulnerability to HIV/AIDS due to biological and socio-cultural determinants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore microbicides as a potential protective strategy for women against HIV/AIDS.
  • To review the current status of microbicide research and development in India.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the current landscape of microbicide research in India.
  • It examines the challenges in developing effective and user-accepted microbicide candidates.

Main Results:

  • Microbicide trials are currently in Phase I and II in India.
  • Developing an ideal microbicide that is both effective and satisfactory for users remains a significant research challenge.

Conclusions:

  • Microbicides present a promising avenue for empowering women in HIV/AIDS prevention.
  • Further research and development are crucial to overcome existing challenges and bring effective microbicides to fruition.