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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
06:15

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Ocular features in neurosarcoidosis.

Victor Menezo1, Aires Lobo, Tun Kuan Yeo

  • 1Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|July 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Ocular inflammation, particularly anterior uveitis, is common in neurosarcoidosis. Early sarcoidosis work-up is recommended for patients with neurological symptoms and eye inflammation.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
06:15

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Neurosarcoidosis is a rare neurological manifestation of sarcoidosis.
  • Ocular involvement is frequently observed in sarcoidosis patients.
  • Understanding the spectrum of eye disease in neurosarcoidosis is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the types of ocular involvement in neurosarcoidosis patients.
  • To assess if specific eye manifestations aid in diagnosing neurosarcoidosis.
  • To compare ocular involvement in neurosarcoidosis with systemic sarcoidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case history review of 46 patients with neurosarcoidosis.
  • Analysis of medical records from sarcoidosis clinics.
  • Inclusion criteria: definite/probable neurosarcoidosis with laboratory confirmation and exclusion of other causes.

Main Results:

  • Cranial nerve involvement was the most common neurological finding (27 patients).
  • Facial palsy (19 patients) and diplopia (4 patients) were frequent.
  • Anterior uveitis (64.3%) was the most common intraocular manifestation, with posterior segment involvement in 35.7%.

Conclusions:

  • Neurosarcoidosis exhibits a higher incidence of ocular manifestations, including intraocular inflammation, than systemic sarcoidosis.
  • Anterior uveitis is the most common ocular complication, but lacks specific diagnostic features for neurosarcoidosis.
  • Neurological symptoms with intraocular inflammation warrant a sarcoidosis work-up, including imaging and potentially biopsy.