Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pivotal influence of ligand field stabilization energy on the extraction order of divalent metal ions by acidic extractants.

Reaction chemistry & engineering·2026
Same author

Solvation of copper(ii), zinc(ii) and lead(ii) in monoethanolamine solutions attained <i>via</i> leaching of microwave-assisted-roasted sulfidic tailings.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Thermodynamic model for methanesulphonic acid recovery by tri-<i>n</i>-butyl phosphate.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Radiolabeling efficiency of FENTA chelators and stability of their terbium-161, lutetium-177 and bismuth-213 complexes.

EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry·2026
Same author

Recovery of metallic iron from the loaded organic phase after solvent extraction by precipitation-stripping with hydrogen gas.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Solubility and antisolvent crystallization of lithium hydroxide monohydrate in various organic solvents.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Piperidinium, piperazinium and morpholinium ionic liquid crystals.

Kathleen Lava1, Koen Binnemans, Thomas Cardinaels

  • 1Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F - bus 2404, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|July 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Ionic liquid crystals featuring piperidinium, piperazinium, and morpholinium cations exhibit diverse mesomorphic behaviors. Morpholinium compounds with sulfosuccinate anions form hexagonal columnar phases at room temperature.

More Related Videos

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) are salts that are liquid crystalline at or near room temperature.
  • Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cations like piperidinium, piperazinium, and morpholinium are key components in designing ILCs.
  • Tailoring cation-anion combinations influences the mesomorphic properties of ILCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel ionic liquid crystals based on piperidinium, piperazinium, and morpholinium cations.
  • To investigate the influence of varying alkyl chain lengths and different anions on the mesomorphic behavior of these ILCs.
  • To propose a structural model for self-assembly in morpholinium-based ILCs exhibiting hexagonal columnar phases.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of piperidinium, piperazinium, and morpholinium salts with various anions (bromide, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, dodecylsulfate, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, sulfosuccinate derivatives).
  • Systematic variation of alkyl chain length (C8-C18) in piperidinium bromide salts.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM) for mesophase characterization.
  • X-ray diffraction (XRD) for structural analysis of observed phases.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized ILCs displayed a rich variety of mesophases, including highly ordered smectic phases (SmE, SmT) and smectic A phases.
  • Hexagonal columnar phases were observed for specific cation-anion combinations, particularly morpholinium compounds with sulfosuccinate anions.
  • Morpholinium sulfosuccinate compounds exhibited hexagonal columnar phases even at room temperature.
  • A structural model was proposed to explain the self-assembly of morpholinium compounds into hexagonal columnar architectures.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of cation, anion, and alkyl chain length significantly impacts the mesomorphic behavior of ionic liquid crystals.
  • Morpholinium cations paired with sulfosuccinate anions are promising for developing room-temperature hexagonal columnar liquid crystals.
  • The proposed self-assembly model provides insights into the design principles for ordered supramolecular structures in ILCs.