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Related Concept Videos

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

Phase II biotransformation reactions are essential for detoxifying and eliminating xenobiotics, including many pharmaceutical compounds. These reactions typically involve conjugation, the covalent attachment of polar endogenous groups such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, methyl, or acetyl moieties to functional groups introduced during Phase I metabolism. The resulting conjugates are more water-soluble, enabling efficient renal or biliary excretion.The major classes of Phase II enzymes include...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
07:15

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

Published on: January 21, 2020

NOD1 gene polymorphisms in relation to aggressive periodontitis.

B G Loos1, A Fiebig, M Nothnagel

  • 1Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. b.g.loos@acta.nl

Innate Immunity
|July 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NOD1 gene, previously linked to inflammatory bowel disease, were not associated with aggressive periodontitis in this study. Further research is needed to explore genetic factors in aggressive periodontitis.

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Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice
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Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice

Published on: August 6, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
07:15

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

Published on: January 21, 2020

Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice
10:26

Inducing Apical Periodontitis in Mice

Published on: August 6, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Immunology
  • Oral Health Research

Background:

  • NOD proteins are crucial components of innate immunity, involved in epithelial barrier function and bacterial inflammatory responses.
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NOD1 gene are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between SNPs in the NOD1 gene and aggressive periodontitis (AgP).
  • AgP is a complex inflammatory disease affecting the tissues supporting teeth.

Main Methods:

  • Five SNPs within the NOD1 gene were analyzed in 415 AgP patients and 874 controls of Northern European descent.
  • Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were performed, with logistic regression adjusting for gender and smoking status.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences in SNP allele frequencies or haplotype distributions were observed between AgP cases and controls.
  • Logistic regression analyses did not reveal any significant associations between the studied NOD1 SNPs and AgP.
  • The study possessed high power (>95%) to detect associations with moderate to large effect sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Despite prior associations with IBD, this study found no evidence linking NOD1 gene SNPs to aggressive periodontitis.
  • The genetic contribution of NOD1 SNPs to AgP development appears limited in the studied population.