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Cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos
1Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Paris, France.
Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|October 1, 1991
Summary
Embryo cryopreservation is reliable for in vitro fertilization (IVF) excess embryos. New rapid freezing techniques yield viable pregnancies, though oocyte cryopreservation remains challenging, highlighting the need for improved female gamete storage methods.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Cryobiology
- In vitro fertilization
Background:
- Embryo cryopreservation is a standard, flexible procedure for excess embryos from in vitro fertilization (IVF).
- Controversy surrounds gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues in embryo freezing; systematic cryopreservation reduces efficacy in oocyte donation.
- Oocyte cryopreservation presents challenges, with risks of cryoinjury to cellular structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current status and challenges of embryo and oocyte cryopreservation.
- To highlight advancements in cryopreservation techniques and their clinical implications.
- To explore alternative methods for female gamete preservation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on embryo and oocyte cryopreservation techniques.
- Analysis of outcomes associated with different cryopreservation protocols.
- Exploration of novel approaches for gamete storage.
Main Results:
- Ultrarapid freezing techniques have enabled viable pregnancies.
- Embryo cryopreservation is effective across developmental stages.
- Oocyte cryopreservation success is limited by cryoinjury risks to cellular components.
Conclusions:
- While embryo cryopreservation is highly successful, oocyte cryopreservation requires further development.
- Emerging techniques offer promise for improved gamete cryopreservation.
- Social and legal issues surrounding embryo storage must be addressed alongside technical advancements.