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Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
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Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
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Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings

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Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation

Published on: December 5, 2025

Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in

Filip Cools¹, David J Henderson-Smart, Martin Offringa

¹Neonatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeekaan 101, Brussels, Belgium, 1090.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|July 10, 2009

Summary

High frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) shows no clear benefit over conventional ventilation (CV) for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). While HFOV may slightly reduce chronic lung disease (CLD), evidence is inconsistent, and risks like pulmonary air leaks exist.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation

Published on: December 5, 2025

Area of Science:

Neonatal Medicine
Pediatric Respiratory Care
Critical Care

Background:

Respiratory failure in preterm infants is a leading cause of mortality.
Conventional ventilation (CV) can cause lung injury and chronic lung disease (CLD).
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is explored as a less injurious alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the elective use of HFOV versus CV in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
To assess the impact on chronic lung disease (CLD), mortality, and other complications.
To evaluate outcomes in mechanically ventilated preterm infants.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Searched major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials).
Included trials comparing HFOV and CV in preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation, initiated early in life.

Main Results:

No significant difference in mortality between HFOV and CV groups.
Inconsistent and borderline significant reduction in CLD with HFOV.
Increased pulmonary air leaks observed with HFOV; retinopathy of prematurity reduced.
Neurological morbidity findings were not statistically significant overall.

Conclusions:

Elective HFOV does not demonstrate clear advantages over CV as an initial strategy for preterm infants with acute pulmonary dysfunction.
Potential for a small CLD reduction with HFOV is weakened by inconsistent evidence.
Future research should focus on high-risk infants and compare ventilation strategies, reporting long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.