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Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 18, 2018

Acanthopanax for acute ischaemic stroke.

Weizheng Li¹, Ming Liu, Shejun Feng

¹Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China, 610041.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|July 10, 2009

Summary

Acanthopanax may improve neurological deficits in acute ischemic stroke patients, but high-risk trials prevent reliable conclusions. Larger, high-quality studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 18, 2018

Area of Science:

Neurology
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Clinical Trials

Background:

Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide.
Previous studies suggest potential benefits of Acanthopanax for acute ischemic stroke.
This review aims to consolidate evidence on Acanthopanax's efficacy and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Acanthopanax in treating acute ischemic stroke.
To synthesize findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating Acanthopanax for acute ischemic stroke.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive search of multiple databases including Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Chinese databases.
Inclusion of 13 randomized controlled trials with 962 participants comparing Acanthopanax to placebo or no placebo.
Independent data extraction and quality assessment by two review authors.

Main Results:

None of the trials reported death or dependency as primary outcomes.
Acanthopanax showed a significant improvement in neurological deficit (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.29).
Adverse event reporting was limited, with two trials reporting events and five reporting none.

Conclusions:

The included trials exhibited a high risk of bias, limiting the reliability of the findings.
Current data is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions on the efficacy of Acanthopanax for acute ischemic stroke.
Larger, methodologically rigorous trials are essential to establish the true effectiveness and safety profile of Acanthopanax.