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Nanoferrite embedded magnetocochleate microstructures to encapsulate insulin macromolecules.

Neelam Dwivedi1, M A Arunagirinathan, Somesh Sharma

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Magnetocochleates, lipid microstructures with ferrite nanoparticles, effectively encapsulate insulin. These structures show promise for subcutaneous delivery of macromolecules like insulin, protecting its bioactivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Insulin delivery faces challenges due to enzyme degradation and pH sensitivity.
  • Developing effective delivery vehicles for protein macromolecules is crucial for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize magnetocochleates for insulin encapsulation.
  • To evaluate the potential of magnetocochleates as a subcutaneous delivery vehicle for insulin.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of magnetocochleates using lipid phase transitions at pH 2.
  • Encapsulation of insulin within the fused lipid bilayers.
  • Characterization using freeze fracture transmission electron microscopy, confocal micro-Raman, HPLC, DSC, and FTIR.
  • In vivo subcutaneous activity assessment in a rat model.

Main Results:

  • Magnetocochleates demonstrated enhanced insulin encapsulation, particularly with tuned phosphatidylserine hydration.
  • Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the presence of ferrite and insulin within the lipid microstructures.
  • In vivo studies in rats showed positive results for subcutaneous delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetocochleates are a promising lipid-based delivery system for insulin.
  • These structures protect insulin from degradation, maintaining its bioactivity.
  • Further development of magnetocochleates for subcutaneous macromolecule delivery is warranted.