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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

Heterophile antibodies may falsely increase or decrease thyroglobulin measurement in patients with differentiated

Luca Giovanella¹, Franco Keller, Luca Ceriani

¹Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. luca.giovanella@eoc.ch

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

|July 11, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Heterophile antibodies (HAb) can interfere with serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurements in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients, causing false results. Using heterophile-blocking tubes (HBT) for all Tg tests is recommended to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.

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Published on: February 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Clinical Chemistry
Oncology

Background:

Heterophile antibodies (HAb) can interfere with immunoassays.
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a key biomarker for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) monitoring.
Assessing HAb interference in Tg measurements is crucial for accurate DTC patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of significant HAb interference in serum Tg measurements.
To evaluate the impact of HAb on Tg levels in DTC patients.
To assess the utility of heterophile-blocking tubes (HBT) in mitigating HAb interference.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 406 serum samples from DTC patients for Tg levels.
Compared Tg measurements before and after incubation in HBT.
Defined HAb interference based on a >3 SD difference in Tg values.

Main Results:

Identified HAb interference in 1% of patients (5/406).
False positive Tg results occurred in 60% of affected patients (3/5).
False negative Tg results occurred in 40% of affected patients (2/5), with metastases detected.

Conclusions:

HAb interference can falsely elevate or decrease Tg levels in DTC patients.
Positive interference may present as elevated Tg without clinical recurrence.
Negative interference is challenging, potentially delaying DTC recurrence diagnosis; HBT use is recommended.