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Transforming growth factor-beta1-induced satellite cell apoptosis in chickens is associated with beta1

X Li1, D C McFarland, S G Velleman

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.

Poultry Science
|July 11, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) induces apoptosis in chicken muscle cells by reducing beta1 integrin expression. This process involves the beta1 integrin-mediated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway, impacting cell survival.

Area of Science:

  • Muscle cell biology
  • Cell signaling pathways
  • Apoptosis research

Background:

  • Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is known to induce apoptosis across various cell types.
  • The beta1 integrin subunit, a cell adhesion receptor, plays a role in preventing apoptosis and may influence TGF-beta1-induced muscle cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the apoptotic effects of TGF-beta1 on chicken primary satellite cells (muscle precursors).
  • To explore the involvement of beta1 integrin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling in TGF-beta1-induced muscle cell apoptosis.

Main Methods:

  • Primary chicken satellite cells were treated with exogenous TGF-beta1.
  • Beta1 integrin expression and localization were analyzed.
  • Apoptosis was quantified using annexin-V staining and flow cytometry.
  • Caspase activation was assessed via immunostaining.
  • Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation at tyrosine 397 was measured over time.

Main Results:

  • Exogenous TGF-beta1 treatment reduced beta1 integrin expression and altered its cellular localization.
  • TGF-beta1 significantly increased the number of apoptotic satellite cells and caspase-positive cells.
  • The phosphorylation of FAK at residue 397 was markedly decreased following TGF-beta1 treatment during both proliferation and differentiation phases.
  • These changes suggest TGF-beta1 inhibits the pro-survival signaling initiated by beta1 integrin activation.

Conclusions:

  • TGF-beta1 induces apoptosis in chicken muscle satellite cells.
  • The apoptotic effect is linked to the downregulation of beta1 integrin expression and activity.
  • TGF-beta1-induced apoptosis in satellite cells is mediated through a beta1 integrin-dependent FAK signaling pathway during proliferation and differentiation.

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