Double lethal coconut crab (Birgus latro L.) poisoning
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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Long-term Lethal Toxicity Test with the Crustacean Artemia franciscana
Published on: April 14, 2012
C Maillaud1, S Lefebvre, C Sebat
1SAMU/SMUR/SAU/UHCD [Emergency Department], Territorial Hospital of New Caledonia, P.O. Box J5, 98849 Noumea, New Caledonia. claudemaillaud@yahoo.com.au
Abstract:
We report a double lethal coconut crab Birgus latro L. poisoning in New Caledonia. Both patients died after showing gastro-intestinal symptoms, major bradycardia with marked low blood pressure, and finally asystolia. Both had significative hyperkaliemia, suggesting a digitaline-like substance intoxication. Traditional knowledge in the Loyalty Islands relates coconut crab toxicity to the consumption of the Cerbera manghas fruit by the crustacean. Elsewhere previous descriptions of human poisoning with the kernel of fruits of trees belonging to the genus Cerbera, known to contain cardiotoxic cardenolides, appear to be very similar to our cases. Cardenolides assays were performed on patient's serum samples, fruit kernel and on the crustacean guts, which lead us to suppose these two fatal cases were the result of a neriifolin intoxication, this toxin having been transmitted through the coconut crab.
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