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Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...

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Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

Infectious pericarditis: an experience spanning a decade.

Farouk Mookadam¹, Sherif E Moustafa, Yinguang Sun

¹Mayo Clinic, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Scottsdale, AZ 85255, USA. mookadam.farouk@mayo.edu

Acta Cardiologica

|July 15, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious pericarditis (IP) is often caused by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), contrary to previous reports. Aggressive treatment combining antibiotics and surgery significantly reduces mortality in IP patients.

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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

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Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Infectious Diseases
Pathology

Background:

Recent literature suggests a shift in the spectrum of infectious pericarditis (IP), but this has not been definitively established.
This study reviews the clinical features of IP cases from a major tertiary care center to investigate potential changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the features of infectious pericarditis (IP) in a large tertiary center.
To identify common causative organisms and predisposing factors for IP.
To compare treatment strategies and outcomes for IP.

Main Methods:

A retrospective review of institutional databases identified 138 cases of IP between 1994 and 2004.
Pericardial biopsy results from the same period were analyzed.
Cases were categorized into medical (antibiotics) and surgical (drainage/pericardiectomy) groups for outcome comparison.

Main Results:

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was the most frequently identified organism, differing from prior literature.
Common predisposing factors included immunocompromised status and prior cardiac surgery.
The surgical group, comprising more critically ill and immunocompromised patients, had significantly lower mortality (24%) compared to the medical group (67%) (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

P. acnes is a prevalent cause of IP, challenging existing literature.
Aggressive management involving both antibiotics and surgical intervention is associated with reduced mortality.
Clinicians should maintain a high suspicion for IP to enable prompt diagnosis and effective treatment strategies.